农业经济问题

2017, v.38;No.449(05) 38-47+112-113

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农地转出、信贷可得性与农户融资模式的正规化
Farmland Transfer,the Acquisition of Loan and the Normalization of the Financing Mode of Farmer Households

米运生;曾泽莹;高亚佳;

摘要：

农地转出不仅是资本对土地的要素替代,更是农户职业选择的深刻变迁,这就促进了资本深化并衍生出巨大的融资需求。信贷需求升级既促进农户的信贷可得性,也深刻影响融资渠道和信贷契约的模式选择。使用广东等9省份465个农户调查数据,本文对此问题进行分析结果表明,职业的非农化以及相伴而来的创业活动激活了农地转出者的信贷需求,提高了农户的信贷可得性;与此同时,农户的融资行为也趋于正规化,融资渠道更倾向于正规金融机构,契约类型更倾向于基于制度信任的正式契约。相应的政策建议是中国需要推进农村金融供给侧的结构转换,要积极探索宅基地、房屋和农地承包经营权等新型抵押品,通过产品设计和流程再造,使农村金融能通过供给侧转换而有效地满足土地转出者的信贷需求。

关键词： 农地转出;信贷可得性;融资模式;正规化

Abstract: From the perspective of farmers,the farmland transfer behavior is not only the internal substitution of production factors,but also the great change of the career choice.It promotes capital deepening and derives huge financial demand.Financial demand upgrades to enhance the degree of financial participa-tion and influence their financing modes as well as contract choice.Using 465 peasant household survey data from the nine provinces of Guangdong,Jiangxi and others,this article has carried out the empirical analysis on this question.The results show that the non-agricultural occupation and the accompanying entrepreneurial activity activates a strong demand of the credit funds among the units who transfer farmland which boost their financial participation.It also reveals that the mode choice of farmers' financial participation tends to be regularized: much more prefers the formal financial institutions and contact based on institutional trust.The corresponding policy suggestion is that China needs to promote rural financial supply side structure transformation.In particular,take the right to the contracted management of land,housing and land for new type of collateral,through product design,the interest rate structure and process reengineering,this way can make the supply structure of rural finance effectively match the special requirement of the units who transfer farmland.

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基金项目: 国家社会科学基金重点项目(编号:16AJY015);; 国家自然科学基金重点项目(编号:71333004);; 教育部人文社科基金规划项目(编号:14YJA790039)

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